The water analogy
GOD = water
Father = liquid
Jesus = gas
Spirit = ice
Water can exist in three different physical states: in liquid form (between 1 and 99°C), in the form of gas (from 100°C) and in the form of ice (from 0°C and below). However, the same amount of water can never exist in all three physical states at the same time, but either in liquid or gaseous or frozen form. Even though all three are water in substance, one cannot speak of “one” water because liquid, gas and ice differ in their properties. This is only possible if the same amount of water would only change its physical state (= modalism). However, if water exists in both liquid and gaseous as well as frozen form at the same time, it is three different types of water. These can together form a group of waters, but can never be “one” water, as the dogma of the Trinity teaches. In the same way, Father, Son and Holy Spirit can be a family of gods (= tritheism), but never “one” GOD.